Assessing the Utilization of Machine Intelligence in University Libraries: Benefits and Constraints

Machine Intelligence (MI) is transforming the way information flows, accesses, and delivers it, especially in university libraries particularly in higher education. The application of technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and machine intelligence powered chatbots has transformed university libraries, resulting in simplified cataloging, automated metadata generation, better user experiences, or personalized information services. The implementation of these innovations can significantly enhance the efficiency and service delivery of university libraries in Tanzania. However, the implementation of machine intelligence technologies is not a simple task. Libraries encounter several obstacles, such as expensive implementation costs, inadequate staff technical expertise, limited infrastructure, ethical and privacy concerns, and apprehension of change within institutions. The limitations of machine intelligence make it difficult to use in optimal situations and hinder its transformative potential in library contexts. The study explores both the opportunities and barriers of implementing machine intelligence in university libraries in Tanzania. A descriptive survey was conducted involving 120 library professionals across ten public and private universities. The results show a strong awareness of machine intelligence's benefits, particularly in enhancing user satisfaction and automating routine tasks. However, the respondents also identified major obstacles, such as lack of training, insufficient funding, and organizational inertia. The study emphasizes the need for strategic policy formulation, capacity building, and infrastructural investments to support machine intelligence integration. By identifying both enabling factors and constraints, this research contributes to significant understanding into how academic libraries can harness machine intelligence technologies to foster innovation and sustainability in higher education environments. It provides a framework for institutions aiming to navigate the evolving landscape of digital librarianship in the Global South.