Nano‐silicon via plasma synthesis: A high‐performance anode for lithium‐ion batteries

Abstract This study presents a plasma‐assisted method for synthesizing nano‐silicon (nano‐Si) as an anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), providing a rapid, single‐step, and scalable alternative to conventional chemical synthesis routes. Nano‐Si was produced via a direct current thermal plasma process, resulting in high‐purity, uniformly dispersed nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 70 to 200 nm. Structural analysis confirmed a stable cubic phase and high crystallinity. The nano‐Si electrode was prepared for electrochemical evaluation by incorporating the nano‐Si with conductive carbon and binder. The resulting electrodes delivered a high specific capacity of 3647 mAh g −1 at 0.1C and exhibited excellent cycling stability upon 200 cycles at 0.2C. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry further indicated low charge‐transfer resistance, efficient lithium‐ion diffusion, and stable solid electrolyte interphase formation. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the plasma‐based approach in producing structurally robust and electrochemically efficient Si anodes, highlighting their potential for advanced LIBs applications and industrial‐scale production.