Experimental investigation on thermal properties of banana/jute with glass fibers reinforced polymer hybrid composite materials

Research on fiber-reinforced polymer composite (FRPC) materials highlights the potential of hybrid composites made from agricultural waste as eco-friendly alternatives for engineering applications. This study investigates the incorporation of banana and jute fibers into glass fiber-reinforced polyester composites to promote the use of biodegradable materials in hybrid structures. The composites were fabricated using the hand lay-up method, and their thermal properties were assessed through thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) following ASTM standards. Results show that banana fiber–glass fiber (BFS) composites exhibited a thermal conductivity of 0.167 W/m·K, a heat deflection temperature of 65.4 °C, and a coefficient of linear thermal expansion of 8.43 × 10⁻⁶/°C. In contrast, jute fiber–glass fiber (JFS) composites showed lower thermal conductivity (0.14 W/m·K), but a higher heat deflection temperature (168.9 °C) and greater thermal expansion (1.59 × 10⁻⁵/°C). These findings suggest that BFS is more suitable for insulation applications, while JFS may perform better in thermally loaded structural components within the construction and automotive sectors. • Hybrid polyester composites with banana, jute, and glass fibers offer eco-friendly industrial use. • BFS composite shows α = 8.43 ×10⁻⁶/°C, similar to concrete, ensuring thermal compatibility in structures. • JFS composite achieves 168.9°C heat deflection, superior to BFS, suitable for high-temperature loads. • BFS exhibits low thermal conductivity of 0.167 W/m·K, indicating better insulation performance. • Both composites show thermal stability up to 550°C, confirming durability under heat exposure.