MIRAGE: A Metrics lIbrary for Rating hAllucinations in Generated tExt

Errors in natural language generation, so-called hallucinations, remain a critical challenge, particularly in high-stakes domains such as healthcare or science communication. While several automatic metrics have been proposed to detect and quantify hallucinations, such as FactCC, QAGS, FEQA, and FactAcc, these metrics are often unavailable, difficult to reproduce, or incompatible with modern development workflows. We introduce MIRAGE, an open-source Python library designed to address these limitations. MIRAGE re-implements key hallucination evaluation metrics in a unified library built on the Hugging Face framework, offering modularity, reproducibility, and standardized inputs and outputs. By adhering to FAIR principles, MIRAGE promotes reproducibility, accelerates experimentation, and supports the development of future hallucination metrics. We validate MIRAGE by re-evaluating existing metrics on benchmark datasets, demonstrating comparable performance while significantly improving usability and transparency.

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Publication Details

Published
2025-11-08
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1145/3746252.3761644
Primary Topic
Topic Modeling
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article
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article

MIRAGE: A Metrics lIbrary for Rating hAllucinations in Generated tExt

Liana Ermakova, Jaap Kamps, Pierre De Loor, Benjamin Vendeville
Topic Modeling
article

MIRAGE: A Metrics lIbrary for Rating hAllucinations in Generated tExt

Liana Ermakova, Jaap Kamps, Pierre De Loor, Benjamin Vendeville
article en

Abstract

Errors in natural language generation, so-called hallucinations, remain a critical challenge, particularly in high-stakes domains such as healthcare or science communication. While several automatic metrics have been proposed to detect and quantify hallucinations, such as FactCC, QAGS, FEQA, and FactAcc, these metrics are often unavailable, difficult to reproduce, or incompatible with modern development workflows. We introduce MIRAGE, an open-source Python library designed to address these limitations. MIRAGE re-implements key hallucination evaluation metrics in a unified library built on the Hugging Face framework, offering modularity, reproducibility, and standardized inputs and outputs. By adhering to FAIR principles, MIRAGE promotes reproducibility, accelerates experimentation, and supports the development of future hallucination metrics. We validate MIRAGE by re-evaluating existing metrics on benchmark datasets, demonstrating comparable performance while significantly improving usability and transparency.

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (FR), École nationale d'ingénieurs de Brest (FR), Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Information de la Communication et de la Connaissance (FR), Amsterdam University of the Arts (NL), University of Amsterdam (NL)
Openalex Percentile: Top 82%
Topic Modeling
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