Potential for Continental Scientific Drilling to Inform Fault Mechanics and Earthquake Science
Our understanding of fault mechanics and earthquake processes remains limited, largely due to minimal direct observations near active faults at seismogenic depths. This lack of data restricts our ability to accurately assess and mitigate both natural and human-induced seismic hazards. However, recent advancements in drilling capabilities and downhole sensing technologies offer an opportunity: the ability to observe the physical conditions within a volume near active fault zones. In this contribution, we highlight how scientific drilling can provide access to the near-fault environment, enabling measurements of the stress, temperature, fluid pressure, and rock properties at depths where ruptures initiate, propagate, and arrest. These observations are essential to refine models of earthquake nucleation and dynamic rupture, bridging gaps between laboratory experiments, numerical simulations, and surface observations. These insights can advance fundamental understanding in earthquake science but also support the development of more effective seismic hazard assessments and risk mitigation strategies.
Authors
- B. M. Carpenter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3451-2528)
- Nicholas W. Hayman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-045X)
- Harold Tobin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1447-6873)
- William L. Ellsworth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8378-4979)
- Natalia Zakharova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7677-258X)
- Hiroki Sone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5525-1294)
- Folarin Kolawole (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5695-2778)
- Yves Guglielmi
- Stephen H. Hickman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615)
- Douglas R. Schmitt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6920-0658)
- Peter Eichhubl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2729-776X)
- E. S. Cochran (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484)
Institutions
- United States Geological Survey (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Central Michigan University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Geoscience BC (CA)
- Oklahoma Biological Survey (US)
- Centre de Géosciences (FR)
- Environmental Earth Sciences (AU)
- Columbia University (US)
- Stanford University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Seismica
- Published
- 2025-11-07
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.26443/seismica.v4i2.1700
- Primary Topic
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- U.S. Geological Survey