Approach Toward Early Detection and Prevention of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

Early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC), commonly defined as a CRC diagnosis before 50 years of age, is rapidly increasing. Despite overt symptoms, younger patients with early-onset CRC endure prolonged diagnostic delays. This review urgently delineates the clinical barriers hindering earlier detection by outlining the key steps in the diagnostic pathways, including how symptom recognition and early detection are complicated by patient- and provider-level barriers. We also reiterate challenges and opportunities for improving secondary prevention through screening and primary prevention through lifestyle modification. Advancing early-onset CRC early detection and prevention requires a multipronged approach involving enhanced public awareness, innovation, and coordinated public health efforts.