Roquin Modulates Cardiac Post-Infarct Remodeling via microRNA Stability Control

Through binding to complementary mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) mediate gene silencing. The stability and half-life of microRNAs are controlled by two isoforms of the RNA-binding protein Roquin. This study aimed at identifying the role of Roquin to miRNA-dependent regulation of the transcriptome in the post-ischemic heart. Both Roquin isoforms are highly conserved between rats and humans and constitutively expressed in cardiomyocytes. In both cell species, hypoxia induces a down-regulation of Roquin-1 and Roquin-2. An integrative miRNA-and-mRNA analysis (MMIA) identified miR-23b-5p as a potential interaction partner of Roquins. The open data bank TargetScan8.0 suggests that the transcription factor ZBTB20 is a potential target of miR-23b-5p. The level of expression of <i>ZBTB20</i> correlated with the functional recovery of rat hearts after myocardial infarction. Moreover, the down-regulation of Roquin-2 in AC16 cells by siRNA under normoxic conditions was associated with an up-regulation of miR-23b-5p and a down-regulation of <i>ZBTB20</i>. Furthermore, in the case of hypoxia-dependent down-regulation of Roquin, the subsequent down-regulation of <i>ZBTB20</i> was reversed with the help of an antagomir against miR-23b-5p. In conclusion, hypoxia-induced down-regulation of the two Roquin isoforms was associated with an increased stability of miR-23b-5p, a Roquin-2-dependent miRNA, which subsequently led to silencing of the transcription factor ZBTB20.