Analytical solutions of bound timelike geodesic orbits in effective-one-body frame

We derive the approximate analytical solutions of the bound timelike geodesic orbits in the effective-one-body frame with an extreme-mass ratio limit. The analytical solutions are expressed in terms of the elliptic integrals using Mino time $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ as the independent variable. Since Mino time decouples the $r$ and $\ensuremath{\theta}$ motion, we also give explicit expressions for three orbital frequencies ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{r},{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{\ensuremath{\theta}},{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{\ensuremath{\phi}}$ using the Fourier series expansion. With these analytical expressions at hand, we can perform Fourier expansions in Mino time $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ for any function expressed in terms of the coordinates $(r,\ensuremath{\theta},\ensuremath{\phi})$. In particular, the observer's time $t$ is decomposed into Mino time $\ensuremath{\lambda}$, and the frequency-domain description is constructed from the $\ensuremath{\lambda}$-Fourier expansion and the expansion of $t$. These analytical expressions are quite simple to implement, and can be applicable for calculating gravitational waves from extreme mass-ratio inspirals with the frequency-domain Teukolsky equation.

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Publication Details

Journal
Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
Published
2025-11-07
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1103/7g4q-5crv
Primary Topic
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Analytical solutions of bound timelike geodesic orbits in effective-one-body frame

Wen-Biao Han, Chen Zhang
Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
article

Analytical solutions of bound timelike geodesic orbits in effective-one-body frame

Wen-Biao Han, Chen Zhang
article en

Abstract

We derive the approximate analytical solutions of the bound timelike geodesic orbits in the effective-one-body frame with an extreme-mass ratio limit. The analytical solutions are expressed in terms of the elliptic integrals using Mino time $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ as the independent variable. Since Mino time decouples the $r$ and $\ensuremath{\theta}$ motion, we also give explicit expressions for three orbital frequencies ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{r},{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{\ensuremath{\theta}},{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{\ensuremath{\phi}}$ using the Fourier series expansion. With these analytical expressions at hand, we can perform Fourier expansions in Mino time $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ for any function expressed in terms of the coordinates $(r,\ensuremath{\theta},\ensuremath{\phi})$. In particular, the observer's time $t$ is decomposed into Mino time $\ensuremath{\lambda}$, and the frequency-domain description is constructed from the $\ensuremath{\lambda}$-Fourier expansion and the expansion of $t$. These analytical expressions are quite simple to implement, and can be applicable for calculating gravitational waves from extreme mass-ratio inspirals with the frequency-domain Teukolsky equation.

Physical review. D/Physical review. D.Vol. 112(10)
Shanghai University of Engineering Science (CN), Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (CN), Astronomy and Space (AU), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), University College of Applied Science (PS)
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Openalex Percentile: Top 77%
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
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Analytical solutions of bound timelike geodesic orbits in effective-one-body frame — Wen-Biao Han, Chen Zhang · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS