Progress in Prognostic Metabolic Biomarkers for Coronary Artery Disease Patients Post-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has made significant progress as one of the main treatments for coronary artery disease (CAD), but the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after PCI remains high. Therefore, early identification of high-risk CAD patients after PCI and improvement of risk factors are crucial for patient prognosis. Although various prognostic biomarkers related to CAD have been identified, most of them have not been widely applied in clinical practice. Recent studies have found that some simple and easily obtainable metabolic indicators have early predictive value for the prognosis of CAD patients after PCI, mainly including four categories: blood lipids and related metabolites, blood glucose and related metabolites, nutrition-related metabolites, and kidney-related metabolites. This review synthesizes the four aforementioned categories of indicators with the aim of integrating their unique characteristics to enable precise prognostication in patients after PCI, deepen mechanistic insights, and furnish evidence-based guidance for clinical decision-making.