Predicting the potential suitable habitats of invasive species in the <i>Bidens</i> genus in China under climate change.

The distribution patterns of invasive species under climate change have become a key focus in ecology. In view of the strong invasive potential of the genus <i>Bidens</i>, we used the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model to compare the range of suitable habitats for six <i>Bidens</i> species listed in the Chinese Invasive Species Information System (namely <i>Bidens frondosa</i>, <i>B. alba, B. pilosa, B. vulgata, B. bipinnata</i> and <i>B. subalternans</i>) under current and four different future climatic conditions. Results showed that the MaxEnt model could effectively predict the range of the suitable habitats of all the six species. Under current climate condition, the values of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the six <i>Bidens</i> species are 0.929, 0.976, 0.921, 0.977, 0.903, and 0.980, respectively, indicating that these species have different suitable habitats. Under the four future emission pathways, although the overall area of suitable habitats for these six species generally will increase compared to the current scenario, some species exhibit fluctuating trends with the decreases in the area of suitable habitats. In summary, under global climate change, the suitable habitat ranges of these six invasive species of the genus <i>Bidens</i> generally will show an increasing trend. To effectively control those invasive species, further research should focus on the physiological traits of different species and their response to climate change.