A multi-dimensional risk signature for lupus nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus: integrating symptoms, biochemistry and immune cell profiles
Significant differences were observed in both clinical manifestations and serological profiles between LN and LN-negative SLE patients. Notably, elevated PD-1<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells were identified as an independent risk factor for LN development. These findings suggest that abnormal expansion of PD-1<sup>+</sup> T lymphocytes may serve as both a diagnostic marker for LN onset and a potential therapeutic target for LN management.
Authors
- Zhefeng Xiao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9504-6479)
- Shiqing Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-7637)
- Youhua Yuan
- Xiuzhi Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2854-9938)
- Na Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0392-6672)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Jianfeng Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9655-3571)
- Xia Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9040-1486)
- Lan Gao
Institutions
- Central South University (CN)
- Hunan Cancer Hospital (CN)
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital (CN)
- Nanyang Medical College (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Published
- 2025-11-07
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1680747
- Primary Topic
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00