Regional variations in circular economy transition in China’s construction and demolition waste governance: a social cognitive theory perspective

Purpose This study investigates the determinants and influencing pathways of Circular Economy (CE) adoption in China’s construction industry, with a specific focus on how these pathways vary across different geographical regions. It aims to develop a more nuanced understanding by integrating social cognitive theory (SCT) with spatial heterogeneity analysis. Design/methodology/approach The study conceptualizes and empirically validates an intention-formation model integrating humanistic variables and environmental determinants. Data were collected through questionnaire surveys from construction professionals across six representative urban centers in China’s Eastern, Central and Western regions. Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the regional variations in CE adoption determinants. Findings The results reveal distinct regional patterns in China’s CE adoption. While humanistic variables demonstrate parallel significance to exogenous factors in facilitating CE transition across all regions, pronounced regional heterogeneity exists in adoption catalysts. Governmental interventions emerge as critical determinants in central and western regions, whereas the eastern region’s CE transformation is predominantly driven by perceived implementation efficacy and associated humanistic variables. Originality/value The present study offers a distinctive contribution to the theoretical framework underpinning CE adoption by integrating SCT with the analysis of spatial heterogeneity, transcending traditional linear causal models. It provides novel insights into the complex interactions between individual cognition, group dynamics and institutional support across different regional contexts, offering evidence-based implications for developing geographically nuanced CE promotion strategies.