Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children: A Descriptive Study with California School Nurses

California reports some of the highest rates of human trafficking in the U.S., including the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC). Victims are often 11-14 years old and attend school, placing school nurses in a critical position to identify and respond. Yet, many school nurses face challenges due to limited training and the absence of standardized screening tools. This project aimed to (1) develop an evidence-based educational module on human trafficking, including CSEC, for California school nurses, and (2) gather feedback on a validated 6-item CSEC screening tool by Greenbaum et al. A total of 155 nurses completed the presurvey, and 50 completed the postsurvey. The overarching goal was to strengthen school nurses' capacity to recognize and respond to trafficking through targeted education and standardized screening. Ongoing, evidence-based, survivor-informed training is essential to prepare school nurses to respond effectively to trafficking.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
The Journal of School Nursing
Published
2025-11-06
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/10598405251387155
Primary Topic
Sex work and related issues
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children: A Descriptive Study with California School Nurses

Hannah E. Fraley, Rachel McClanahan, Emma Annapurna Birur
The Journal of School Nursing
Sex work and related issues
article

Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children: A Descriptive Study with California School Nurses

Hannah E. Fraley, Rachel McClanahan, Emma Annapurna Birur
article en

Abstract

California reports some of the highest rates of human trafficking in the U.S., including the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC). Victims are often 11-14 years old and attend school, placing school nurses in a critical position to identify and respond. Yet, many school nurses face challenges due to limited training and the absence of standardized screening tools. This project aimed to (1) develop an evidence-based educational module on human trafficking, including CSEC, for California school nurses, and (2) gather feedback on a validated 6-item CSEC screening tool by Greenbaum et al. A total of 155 nurses completed the presurvey, and 50 completed the postsurvey. The overarching goal was to strengthen school nurses' capacity to recognize and respond to trafficking through targeted education and standardized screening. Ongoing, evidence-based, survivor-informed training is essential to prepare school nurses to respond effectively to trafficking.

The Journal of School Nursing
California State University, Fullerton (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 57%
Sex work and related issues
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.