Mechanism of the Amazon Rainforest's Warming‐Drying Impact on Spring Land Warming Over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Interdecadal Transition

Abstract Climate critical points amplify the association between climatic effects and climate subsystems. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is experiencing significant accelerated warming with the Amazon's warming‐drying impact exhibiting interdecadal differences around 2004. During 1981–2004 (P1), Amazonian warming in March, by exciting the North Atlantic Tripole pattern, enhanced the African jet stream and triggered the eastward propagation of Rossby waves leading to an abnormal strengthening of the northern wind over the TP in April. This suppressed snowmelt and expanded snow cover, significantly increasing albedo and thereby inhibiting warming in the central and western TP. From 2005 to 2023 (P2), TP surface skin temperature (SKT) and soil moisture replaced snow albedo as the dominant factor for warming. The Amazon's warm‐dry signal extended northward, triggering warming in the Greenland Sea and exciting anomalous wave trains propagating southeastward. These waves intensified TP warming by regulating atmospheric circulation and surface radiation processes. The study demonstrates that as the Amazon Rainforest approaches a climate critical point, the cross‐continental teleconnection mechanism with the TP undergoes fundamental changes, highlighting the nonlinear impact of climate subsystems' critical states on amplification effects. This finding provides a dynamical basis for understanding the synergistic effects of global climate critical points.