The method to verify the impact of EV range variation on its travel time

The development of electromobility is associated with a number of challenges related to route planning, effective use of charging stations and the variability of electric vehicle range. This article analyzes existing solutions in the field of route optimization of electric vehicles and identifies research gaps, such as insufficient consideration of various types of charging stations or the impact of range variability on travel time. On this basis, a simplified optimization model was developed, using a genetic algorithm implemented in the MATLAB environment. The model allows the selection of the shortest connection time between two points, taking into account the location of charging stations, their type (fast or slow) and the variability of range resulting from external conditions. The research analyzed the impact of range limitations on the total travel time, as well as on the number and distribution of charging stops. The results show a clear relationship between the decrease in range and the need to use chargers more often, which significantly extends the travel time. The proposed approach can be a starting point for more advanced analyses of real routes and the development of systems supporting travel planning for electric vehicles.