Smart ports in Poland: The digital transformation of maritime logistics on the example of the ports of Gdańsk, Gdynia, and Szczecin–Świnoujście

The concept of the smart port has become a strategic response to the growing complexity of global maritime logistics and the need for sustainable, efficient, and technology-driven operations. This paper examines the digital transformation of Poland’s three largest seaports—Gdańsk, Gdynia, and Szczecin–Świnoujście—in the context of implementing smart port technologies. The study presents an overview of national and European policy frameworks supporting port digitalization and analyzes specific technological solutions already in place. These include Port Community Systems (PCS), Terminal Operating Systems (TOS), real-time data integration platforms, predictive analytics, and automation tools. The findings demonstrate that Polish ports are increasingly adopting Industry 4.0 innovations to improve operational efficiency, cargo visibility, and environmental sustainability. The ports’ digital progress positions them as active players in the trans-European transport network and as emerging smart logistics hubs in the Baltic Sea region.