The Effectiveness of Serious Puzzle Games on Improving Introductory Learning of Computational Thinking Skills

Computational Thinking is one of the basic skills in programming, however traditional education techniques are often lacking at engaging students, negatively impacting their study. This study evaluates the effects of "Kitchen Compiler", a serious 2D puzzle game integrating block-base programming, on improving basic CT skills, developed following the Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) and Experiential Game Learning Design (EGLD) frameworks. With a sample of 31 undergraduate students aged 19-28, learning outcomes, usability and player experience were assessed through pre-post tests, the Game User Experience Satisfaction Scale (GUESS-18), and the Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ). The game scored high in usability (mean GUESS subscales: 4.06–6.29) as well as positive player immersion (Flow: 3.25; Competence: 3.93), and scored low in negative experiences (Tension: 2.35). Post-test scores were generally above pre-test scores (z = 1.4), however said improvement was statistically insignificant (p = 0.16). Outcomes may have been negatively influenced by factors such as limitations in test design and sample size. This study concludes that engagement and satisfaction of CT education could be improved by serious games.