Occurrence dataset of reptiles and amphibians from two old-growth forest localities along the Las Piedras River, Tambopata Province, Peru

This list of reptile and amphibian species from the Las Piedras River in Peru includes new records from the basin's central area, near the Huascar River's confluence. It unifies data from early efforts to find herpetofauna at the Las Piedras Biodiversity Station spanning more than ten years. Over a decade of sampling, combined with opportunistic records, comprehensive taxonomic coverage of herpetofauna on the tributary has been provided. Our dataset contains 2,327 distinct geo-referenced records, categorised into Anura (1788), Crocodilia (10), Gymnophiona (1), Squamata (517) and Testudines (11). These records span 165 identified species, along with one entry recorded at the genus level (Chironius). This dataset was structured and managed using Microsoft Excel, where geo-referenced species occurrence data were organised into standardised formats compatible with GBIF publishing requirements. The dataset was subsequently validated and formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), the standard format for biodiversity data sharing, using GBIF's Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT). This structured approach ensures interoperability and compliance with global biodiversity informatics standards, supporting its integration into herpetofauna biogeography and conservation efforts. This dataset also includes new records from the central basin of the Las Piedras River near the Huascar River confluence. By offering 2,327 distinct geo-referenced records, this dataset (https://doi.org/10.15468/sa8m3q) supports ongoing research into herpetofauna biogeography and conservation efforts in a region under increasing pressure from deforestation and other human activities.Based on our dataset and an accompanying review of historical records and publications, we document a total of 175 herpetofauna species in the Las Piedras River watershed. This total includes 96 reptile species (ARCC = 70, LPBS = 76) and 79 amphibian species (ARCC = 64, LPBS = 69), from both geo-referenced and literature-confirmed sources.