Protective Effects of Curcuma longa And Punica granatum against Thermally Abused Oil-Induced Hepato-Renal Toxicity in Wistar Rats

The consumption of food processed with thermally abused oil has increased significantly in developing countries due to the economic situation. The thermally abused oils are known to be produced along with a variety of toxic compounds that may be deleterious when consumed. The study evaluates the nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects of Curcuma longa and Punica granatum of female Wistar rats fed thermally abused oil. Forty (40) Female Wistar rats were divided into eight groups. Each receives either standard rat chow or standard rat chow prepared with thermally abused oil. Four groups were subjected to treatment with Curcuma longa and/or Punica granatum supplements over a period of twelve weeks. Standard chemical methods were used to determine markers of kidney and liver functions. The rats fed with thermally abused oil supplemented diets shows significantly (p<0.05) higher Na+ (158.00±0.58 mmol/L), Cl- (113.00±2.08 mmol/L), HCO3- (22.67±0.33 mmol/L), creatinine (30.00±0.58 µmol/L) and Urea (1.03±0.03 mmol/L) compared with the groups that received standard rat chow and treatments. Only K+ (4.47±0.19 mmol/L) shows a significantly (p>0.05) lower concentration in the group fed thermally abused oil-supplemented diet compared to the normal control and treatment groups. The liver indices shows significantly (p<0.05) lower serum Total protein (33±0.33 g/L), albumin (11±0.67 g/L) and conjugated bilirubin (0.12±0.01 mg/dL) but significantly (p<0.05) higher serum Globulins (21.33±0.88 g/L), AST (33±0.58 µ/L), ALP (449±0.58 µ/L), ALT (24.67±0.33 µ/L) and Total bilirubin (1.90±0.06 mg/dL) in group fed thermally abused oil based diet compared to the normal control and treatment groups. The groups supplemented with Curcuma longa and/or Punica granatum exhibit improved conditions compared to those fed diets supplemented with thermally abused oil. The research recommends supplementing diets with Curcuma longa and/or Punica granatum, fed diets supplemented with thermally abused oil to protect the liver and kidneys from damage.