Management of dystocia due to foetal malposture in a 3-year-old Uda ewe: A case report

Dystocia, or difficult parturition, is a significant challenge for small ruminant farmers, often leading to maternal and foetal mortality. This case reports the successful non-surgical management of dystocia in a 3-year-old Uda ewe weighing 55 kg, presented with prolonged labour and a hanging placenta. Clinical examination revealed a second, dead foetus with a flexed forelimb. Haematology results indicated leukocytosis and anaemia. Management involved obstetric manoeuvres by correcting the limb flexion through repulsion and manual retraction, followed by uterine lavage with warm saline and Septol® to reduce bacterial load. Vetcotrim® boli and systemic antibiotics were administered. The dead foetus was delivered using obstetrical techniques, and the ewe recovered, with her vital signs and appetite improved within five days. The first lamb from the earlier lambing remained active and suckled milk well. It was concluded that dystocia in sheep could be resolved without resorting to a caesarean section. Obstetrical manoeuvres application along with intrauterine uterine lavage followed by the administration of Vetcorim® effectively prevents septic metritis in sheep. This case management approach is more useful in remote areas with limited surgical facilities and equipment. Compared to a caesarean section, this method is relatively inexpensive. It is recommended to practitioners to reserve caesarean sections as a last resort to save time and reduce expenses for clients. The case management emphasises effectiveness and cost-efficiency (₦10,000) of non-surgical interventions in resource-limited settings. It also recommends timely intervention and the need for access to imaging modalities in dystocia management.