Factors Associated with Blood Transfusion among Adult Patients at Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano State

Hemorrhage among adult patients is a common but preventable cause of adult mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Safe blood transfusion is a highly effective method for saving the lives of adults in these circumstances. The study aims to determine the factors associated with blood transfusion and its prevalence among adult patients at MMSH, Kano. A retrospective cohort design over a period of one year from 1st January to 31st December 2024 was employed for the study. A standardized instrument based on CDC criteria was adapted, and the sample size was three hundred and eighty-nine (389). The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 and presented in frequency distribution tables, percentages, and charts. The results showed a prevalence rate of 39.01%, and patients within the age range of 18-25 have an increased risk of blood transfusion by 3-fold odds ratio (OR: 3), and anemia (P<0.005) was the leading factor (predictor) associated with blood transfusion among the studied group. It is concluded that there is a high prevalence rate of blood transfusions, with anemia being the leading cause of blood transfusions among the studied group. It is therefore recommended that clinical guidelines for the appropriate use of different blood products should be developed and meticulously administered.