Advancements in Information Technology and Tourism Management: Four decades on the Internet

The swift advancement of information and communication technologies (ICTs) over the past four decades has fundamentally reshaped tourism, transforming business models, consumer behavior, and value creation. Adopting a sociotechnical perspective, this paper analyzes the historical trajectory and socio-economic implications of technological shifts in tourism across three phases: technological penetration, data reciprocity, and algorithmic dominance. By conceptualizing technology as a socially constructed phenomenon, it highlights the interplay between consumers, businesses, and technology (C-B-T). The findings reveal a shift from technology-driven control to algorithmic governance, redefining supply–demand relationships and operational strategies while raising ethical concerns. To address these challenges, the study proposes a dynamic power equilibrium framework underpinned by governance mechanisms such as consumer transparency, algorithmic accountability, and business auditing. This framework aims to balance value creation, power distribution, and responsibility allocation, offering strategic insights for sustainable smart tourism development.