TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH GLP-1 RECEPTOR AGONISTS, CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND INFLUENCE ON CARDIOVASCULAR RISK

Type 2 diabetes is a global problem with an increasing incidence. Globally, more than one in 10 adults are now living with diabetes. Late complications of diabetes mellitus represent a serious problem for patients. Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early identification and management of CKD is of utmost importance to minimize the risk of severe cardiovascular events and premature loss of life. There are advances in available glucose-lowering agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes that not only modify the disease itself, but also have important benefits in terms of associated cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the degree of influence of renal function-glomerular filtration and microalbuminuria, as factors increasing the incidence of cardiovascular risk, by using GLP-1 receptor agonists, in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In a total of 66 patients (100%) treated with GLP-1 receptor agonist - 26 men (39.4%) and 40 women (60.6%) serum creatinine was examined, GFR was calculated using the CKD-EPI (Equations for Glomerular Filtration RATE) method and microalbuminuria in the first morning urine. The difference between the mean values ​​of glomerular filtration at the beginning of the study and after 6 months, which amounted to 5,780 ml/min. (0.043<α=0.05) (*p<0.05) is statistically significant. The difference between the mean values ​​of microalbumin MALB at the beginning of the study and after 6 months amounted to -1.015 mg/l, with no statistical dependence (p≥0.05). Given the additional protection they provide, GLP-1 receptor agonists should be considered as the mainstay in the treatment of DM type 2. The therapy of patients with DM2 should be complex and with a view beyond the glycemic effect, giving the opportunity to stop the development of chronic kidney disease and thus reduce the cardiovascular risk.