Clinical study of vacuum-assisted excision of deep breast nodules via the retromammary space

Retromammary-space VAE for deep benign breast nodules can effectively reduce intraoperative bleeding, shorten operative time, and lower the incidence of complications such as pectoralis muscle injury and hematoma. This technique allows precise puncture positioning beneath the nodule, minimizes the number of punctures, and maintains this advantage regardless of nodule size, demonstrating promising clinical applicability and potential for wider adoption.