Factors Affecting the Practices of Uterine Cervical Cancer Screening among Hospital Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study of Zahedan, Iran

Introduction: Uterine cervical cancer is a significant public health issue, especially in developing regions, and nurses are pivotal in promoting health behaviors, including cervical cancer screening. This study aimed to evaluate the factors influencing uterine cervical cancer screening practices among hospital nurses, which is vital for improving screening rates and health outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was employed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to cervical cancer screening among nurses. The study involved 350 nurses employed in 2023. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that assessed demographics, knowledge, attitudes, perceived barriers, and screening practices regarding cervical cancer. Results: The results demonstrated that only 4.6% of participants had received human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, and merely 20% had undergone Pap smears, with a mere 7.1% adhering to regular screening practices. The main barriers to undergoing Pap smears included being single (49.6%), fear (10.7%), embarrassment (13.6%), lack of concern (16.1%), and forgetfulness (10%). Moreover, significant associations were observed between Pap smear history and factors such as age, education level, employment status, and sexual health history (P<0.05). Conclusion: The study revealed a low prevalence of HPV vaccination and Pap smear screening among hospital nurses, primarily due to inadequate attitudes and perceived importance of screening practices. These findings indicated the need for targeted educational programs aimed at enhancing awareness and encouraging regular screening among nurses and the wider community. Increasing awareness and addressing specific concerns could lead to improved screening rates, ultimately contributing to better health outcomes in the community.