Exploring the Impact of LGBTIQ Policies on Childhood: A Comparative Analysis in Three EU Countries

Abstract Background The implementation of LGBTIQ policies in Europe reveals significant differences among EU member states, particularly concerning children and adolescents, who often become the focus of debates on sexuality without having a voice. The experiences of LGBTIQ youth are heterogeneous, and their impact in daily life may vary according to the prevailing social, legal, and political context. Methods This study analyses the knowledge, beliefs, and experiences of LGBTIQ adolescents in Lithuania, Hungary, and Spain, comparing them within their respective social and political contexts. Using data from a quantitative survey ( N = 2078), we conduct a bivariate analysis linking these factors to the country of residence. Results Findings indicate that political contexts shape adolescents’ sexual education and awareness of their rights. While differences in beliefs and experiences among respondents are smaller, specific variations highlight the impact of LGBTIQ policies on wellbeing. Conclusions and Policy Implications This research emphasise the crucial role of inclusive public policies in fostering a supportive and safe environment for LGBTIQ adolescents, particularly in challenging contexts such as the COVID-19 pandemic.