Evaluation of the Effect of Graptophyllum pictum Leaves Extract (GPLE) on Surface Roughness and Color Stability of Acrylic Resin toward Potentially Herbal-Based Denture Cleanser

Introduction: Graptophyllum pictum, also known as "purple leaf" in Indonesia, is a popular herbal plant that has been recognized for its antifungal and antibacterial properties. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Graptophyllum pictum leaf extract (GPLE) on surface roughness and colour stability of acrylic resin toward potentially herbal-based denture cleanser. Methods: Eighteen heat-cured acrylic resin samples measuring 20x10x10 mm were assigned to three groups (Polident, aquadest, and GPLE 5%). All samples were submerged for 5 minutes daily and observed for 1 week for surface roughness testing and 1 month (every week) for colour stability testing. Surface roughness was assessed using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), while colour stability was evaluated using the CIELab system via Adobe Photoshop. The data were analyzed using Kruskall-Wallis, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's HSD (p<0.05). Results: There was no significant difference in surface roughness and colour stability among heat-cured acrylic resin samples submerged in Polident, aquadest, and GPLE 50% (p>0.05). Submerging the acrylic resin into the GLPE 50% did not change the surface roughness and colour stability. Conclusions: GPLE 50% has maintained the surface roughness and colour stability of the acrylic resin, suggesting a prospective candidate for an herbal-based denture cleanser.