Assessing the Impacts of Urban Development on the Kothari River, Bhilwara, Rajasthan

The study aims at assessing the impacts of urbanization on Kothari River in Bhilwara city, where rapid growth has significantly altered its ecological and hydrological conditions. Increasing human activities have resulted in serious pollution problems caused by unregulated disposal of bio medical waste, domestic solid waste and untreated liquid waste directly into the river. In addition, rampant encroachment along the riverbanks has further stressed the natural habitat, leading to habitat fragmentation and threatening local biodiversity. Such conditions have accelerated eutrophication, reducing water quality and aquatic productivity. To scientifically analyze these impacts, the research incorporated both primary and secondary data sources, including field surveys, municipal records, interviews and environmental reports. Spatial changes in land use and their effects on the riverine ecosystem were mapped and analyzed using advanced tools such as QGIS and Google Earth Pro software. The study also examines the role of legal and regulatory interventions, particularly the directives of the National Green Tribunal (NGT), which provide a framework for addressing river pollution and restoration measures. The findings suggest that without timely interventions, urban pressures will irreversibly damage the ecological balance of Kothari River. Hence, integrated management and sustainable urban planning are urgently recommended.