Effectiveness of the Emergency Saverity Index (ESI) Triage Used in Health Service ? A Literature Review

An emergency is a condition that requires immediate action and generally begins with triage, which aims to sort out the level of urgency of the victim or patient. Triage is the initial focus of handling emergency cases, with the aim of sorting patients based on their level of urgency. How effective is the Emergency Severity Index (ESI) triage system in health services (Emergency Department)? This literature used inclusion and exclusion criteria, and articles were obtained, reviewed, and sourced from the following databases: Google Scholar (2018–2023), PubMed (2018– 2023), and ScienceDirect (2018–2023). The search strategy using English terms was as follows: “Triage system” AND “Emergency Severity Index” AND “emergency department”. The year of publication of the bibliographic source was selected from 2015 to 2020. The search strategy included keywords such as "Triage" OR "ESI" OR "ED" in English and "Triage" OR "Emergency Severity Index" and "Healthcare" in Indonesian. Indonesia. Initial identification of titles and abstracts in Google Scholar yielded 4,250 articles, in ScienceDirect yielded 750 articles, while in PubMed yielded 1,580 articles for a total of 6,580 articles. After conducting a literature review, it was found that from the 14 articles reviewed, ESI was very effective when applied in health services. This helps reduce overcrowding in emergency rooms, so patients can receive treatment and diagnosis quickly. Triage using the ESI method can be applied in all emergency units, not only reducing patient density but also saving costs and workload for medical personnel on duty during shifts.