Disarticulation methods in orthodontic treatment - An update

Disarticulation methods, commonly referred to as bite raisers or bite planes, play a pivotal role in orthodontics. This review consolidates current literature on the various designs, classifications and modifications of anterior and posterior bite planes, along with their clinical indications, ideal requirements and associated complications. Special emphasis is placed on innovations that improve patient comfort, reduce dependence on compliance and minimize adverse effects such as trauma, speech interference, or undesired tooth movement. The article further highlights the significance of tailoring bite raiser selection to the patient"s facial type, malocclusion, mandibular plane angle and treatment mechanics. A comprehensive understanding of the biomechanics, application protocols and potential risks is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes.