Multi-Target Synergistic Fight Against Cancer: Mechanism Exploration And Breakthroughs Under The Perspective Of Systems Biology

Despite the discovery of a large number of cancer-related targets in recent years, no prevention or treatment relying on a single target has ever been able to rank as a panacea, and although all of these targets have demonstrated their superiority, multi-target synergization is clearly more effective than single application. This study demonstrates that synergistic strategies integrating the four dimensions of metabolic reprogramming, immune microenvironment remodeling, epigenetic intervention, and colony-host interactions can effectively overcome drug resistance; however, bypass activation, spatiotemporal heterogeneity, and delivery efficiency remain challenges; in the future, it will be necessary to develop intelligent models to quantify synergism, innovate delivery technologies to achieve spatiotemporal controlled release, and deepen the 'epi-immune-metabolism' integration therapy to promote eradication. In the future, it is necessary to develop intelligent model quantitative synergy, innovative delivery technology to realize spatiotemporal controlled release, and deepen 'epi-immune-metabolic' integrated therapy to promote radical breakthrough.