Cataract surgery in the context of age-related macular degeneration: challenges and considerations

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts commonly coexist in the aging population, posing unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for ophthalmologists. Although cataract surgery can substantially improve visual function, outcomes are often influenced by the type and severity of underlying macular pathology. This narrative review explores current evidence on the impact of cataract surgery in patients with AMD, including preoperative assessment strategies, intraoperative considerations, and postoperative visual expectations. The role of multimodal imaging in detecting subclinical macular changes, advanced intraocular lenses, and the debated relationship between cataract surgery and AMD progression are discussed. Emphasis is placed on personalized patient selection and counseling to optimize outcomes. Overall, with appropriate planning and patient-centered care, cataract surgery remains a safe and beneficial intervention for most individuals with AMD.