Maternal and clinical predictors of insulin requirement in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): A cross-sectional study

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses a significant challenge due to its variable insulin requirements and impact on pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, it is of interest to identify maternal, clinical, and lifestyle factors associated with insulin use among 386 women diagnosed with GDM. Detailed data on demographics, anthropometry, family history, comorbidities, diet, physical activity, and obstetric outcomes were analyzed. Higher pre-pregnancy weight, family history of diabetes, insulin resistance markers, and co-morbid conditions were significantly linked to insulin requirement. Early identification of high-risk women can enable timely interventions and improve maternal and fetal outcomes.