Study on the evaluation and realization path of urban—rural integration in Sichuan Province

As a key driver of regional coordinated development, constructing an evaluation system for urban–rural integration is essential for assessing new urbanization progress. This study takes Sichuan Province as an example and employs the Real-Number Coding Genetic Algorithm Projection Pursuit Model (RAGA-PPC) to analyze data from 21 cities from 2005 to 2022. A multidimensional indicator system is established to examine the spatiotemporal evolution of urban–rural integration. The results show that temporally, development transitioned through three stages: initial (2005–2012), rapid (2013–2017), and deep (2018–present). Spatially, significant differentiation emerged: the Chengdu Plain formed a "core-led" pattern; the Panxi area exhibited "low-level equilibrium"; Northeast and Southern Sichuan achieved "catch-up development"; while Northwest Sichuan experienced "slow catch-up" due to ecological constraints. Policy recommendations include enhancing spatial integration at the county level, strengthening secondary cities, and promoting institutional and cultural alignment between urban and rural areas. • URIDI index created for Sichuan’s urban-rural integration in 21 cities (2005–2022). • Three phases: initial (2005–2010), rapid (2011–2015), advanced (2016–present). • Spatial disparities: Chengdu core-led, Panxi low-speed, NE/South catch-up, NW ecology-constrained. • Key drivers: tertiary industry capital, non-farm to farm ratio, social insurance. • Policies: strengthen county planning, boost secondary cities, reform allocation.