Multi-Scale Analysis of Changes in Ecosystem Service Values Driven by Land Use Transformation: A Case Study of the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area

This study aims to quantify the spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem service value (ESV) in the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area from 2010 to 2022. We employed an improved equivalent factor method to calculate ESV and used Geodetector analysis to identify its key driving factors. Over this 12-year period, the total ESV exhibited a spatial decreasing pattern from west to east, with farmland and forestland contributing the most to total ESV. Geodetector results across four grid scales indicate that vegetation cover (Fractional Vegetation Cover, FVC) and slope Digital Elevation Model (DEM) are the primary natural drivers; notably, the optimal model fit was achieved at finer grid scales. These findings provide a scientific basis for promoting coordinated eco-economic development and formulating conservation strategies during the urbanization process of the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area.