Comparison of Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Intraoperative Frozen Section Analysis with Final Pathological Outcomes in the Assessment of Myometrial Invasion in Endometrial Cancer Cases

<b>Background</b>: The aim of this study is to compare the concordance of Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Intraoperative Frozen Section Analysis, widely used worldwide for Endometrial Cancer (EC), with final pathology results, to calculate their sensitivity and specificity, and to evaluate their diagnostic agreement with final pathology results. Positive predictive values for both MRI and frozen section analysis will also be calculated. <b>Methods</b>: In this retrospective cohort study, patients diagnosed with Endometrioid-Type Endometrial Cancer at the Gynecologic Oncology Surgery Department of Akdeniz University Hospital between January 2020 and December 2023 underwent preoperative MRI to assess the depth of myometrial invasion and intraoperative frozen section examination for surgical staging. The results of both methods were compared with the final pathology reports. <b>Results</b>: A total of 88 patients were included in the study. Patient ages ranged from 34 to 80 years, with a mean age of 57.57 years (SD: 9.65), predominantly in the middle-aged and older population. In the assessment of myometrial invasion depth, MRI demonstrated a sensitivity of 81.6% and a specificity of 88%, while frozen section analysis showed a sensitivity of 73.7% and a specificity of 98.0%. <b>Conclusions</b>: In our study, preoperative MRI demonstrated similar sensitivity and specificity to intraoperative frozen section analysis in determining the depth of myometrial invasion in cases of Endometrioid-Type Endometrial Cancer. Therefore, when intraoperative frozen section analysis is not available, MRI findings may assist surgical planning, particularly in centers where frozen section is limited.