Eryptosis under different pathological conditions and the effects of different extracorporeal therapies

Erythrocytes or red blood cells (RBCs) are the most abundant cells in the bloodstream. RBCs undergo a programmed cell death known as eryptosis, which is comparable to apoptosis. Enhanced eryptosis contributes to the pathophysiology of several clinical disorders ( e.g. , anemia, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, uremia, sepsis, fever, and dehydration), specifically their development and progression, in both chronic and acute cases. In this review, we focused on eryptosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease who were treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD). We also focused on eryptosis in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and sepsis.