Advanced control strategy for a wind-hydrogen-battery standalone microgrid under distribution line fault conditions

Standalone wind-based microgrids are gaining traction for remote and resilient power systems. To enhance power continuity and reliability, this work integrates a wind turbine generator (WTG) with battery energy storage, an aqua-electrolyser (AE), and a fuel cell (FC). A novel control strategy is proposed comprising: 1) a modified maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm that ensures sustained wind energy harvesting post-fault; 2) an advanced inverter controller that actively limits fault current through inverter legs during distribution line faults. These coordinated controls improve system stability, protect components, and maintain power quality. The strategy is validated through MATLAB-Simulink simulations and real-time digital simulator (RTDS) results. Quantitatively, the proposed system reduces fault current magnitudes by up to 92%, maintains voltage THD below 4% during faults, and ensures seamless load support. The results confirm the effectiveness and novelty of the proposed control approach in enhancing fault tolerance and operational efficiency in wind-hydrogen-battery microgrids.