Alcohol Use Among Individuals Presenting with Suicide Attempts to a Tertiary Care Hospital - A Cross-Sectional Study

Background Suicide is one of the leading causes of death both globally and nationally yet it remains one of the most preventable causes. Substance use is among the most common risk factors for suicide attempts but it is also a modifiable one. Individuals with substance use disorders present particular challenges to suicide prevention including the possibility of developing a suicidal urge during alcohol intoxication and substance induced depression.Aim The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of alcohol use and suicide attempts made under the influence of alcohol as well as to assess the intent of such attempts.Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Chitradurga Karnataka. A total of 80 patients who had attempted suicide were included. Each participant was evaluated for alcohol use disorder harmful use or dependence according to the ICD-11 criteria. The intent of the suicide attempt was also assessed. Data were analyzed to evaluate the role of alcohol in suicide attempts.Results Of the 80 participants 35 41.25 reported a history of alcohol use 27 33.75 met criteria for alcohol dependence. Among those with alcohol dependence 9 11.25 of the total sample 33.33 of those with dependence attempted suicide under the influence of alcohol. Regarding the level of suicidal intent among patients with alcohol use disorder 14 had severe intent 14 had moderate intent and 7 had low intent.Conclusion Alcohol use emerged as a risk factor for suicide attempts. Targeted strategies are therefore required to minimize this risk.