Clinical and tomographical evaluation of periodontal phenotype among undergraduate dental students in India

Periodontal biotypes in 53 healthy dental students were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Gingival thickness (GT), bone thickness (BT) and width of keratinized tissue (WKT) were measured in the upper and lower anterior teeth. The thick scalloped biotype was most prevalent (60%), followed by the thin scalloped (30%) and thick flat scalloped (10%) types. Bone thickness was consistently greater than gingival thickness, with the thick-flat biotype showing the highest WKT. Thus, the mean biological width was 2.02 mm, indicating predominantly thick biotypes with thinner overlying gingiva.