EVALUATION OF YIELD PERFORMANCE AND ITS QUALITY CHEMICALLY AND BIOLOGICALLY IN CANOLA UNDER SALINITY STRESS CONDITIONS

This study focused on evaluating canola (Brassica napus L.) productivity under salt stress conditions and its impact on oil quality, chemically and biologically. The experiment was conducted during the 2022/2023 season in the salinity-affected North Sinai region, where two canola cultivars (Giza 1 and Gemmiza 1) were grown to evaluate yield and oil quality. The results showed significant differences between both the seed and oil yield of the two tested cultivars where, the Gemmiza 1 cultivar outperformed the Giza 1 cultivar (1869.84, 1683.60 and 753.55, 670.07 kg/ha, respectively). Chemical investigation canola seeds of two cultivars (Giza 1 and Gemmiza1) indicated that, Gemmiza 1 cultivar outperforms Giza 1 cultivar in raising the acid and peroxide values by 3.28 and 1.19 times, respectively. The GC-Mass technique lead to thirteen fatty acids in the oil and four of them are saturated fatty acids. The IC50 exhibited by cytotoxic activity against colon carcinoma cell line (Caco2), canola oil of both two cultivars (Giza 1 and Gemmiza 1) was 118.77±2.96 and 110.16±1.34 µg/ml, respectively. Network pharmacology identified some important phytoconstituents linolenic acid and palmitic acid, related to colon cancer targets. The chemical oleic acid and linoleic acid exhibited degree of connection in the network, suggesting that they may act as curative agents against antifungal targets. This study provides valuable information for evaluating oil yield, monitoring the nature of cultivars under a biotic condition and the future trend of canola adoption and the quality of chemically and biologically extracted under salinity stress.