Efficacy of Some New Premixed of Mesosulfuron-Methyl + Iodosulfuron-Methyl-Sodium-Based Herbicides on Annual Weeds in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm of Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt, during 2022/2023 and 2023/2024. This study evaluates the efficacy of some new premixed mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium-based herbicides and hand weeding treatments compared with untreated control on annual weeds in bread wheat. The tested herbicidal treatments were Disciplin® 6% EC (Mesosulfuron-methyl 0.75% + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 0.25% + Diflufenican 5%) at 600 ml fed-1, Atlantis® 1.2% OD (Mesosulfuron-methyl 1% + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 0.2% + mefenpyr safener) at 400 ml fed-1, and Wayetherb® 3.6% WG (Mesosulfuron-methyl 3% + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 0.6% + mefenpyr safener) at 160g herbicide fed-1 and 500 ml safener fed-1. The bread wheat fields were infested with different annual broad-leaved and grass weeds; however, annual broad-leaved weeds were more dominant than annual grass weeds in both seasons. Beta vulgaris was the most dominant broad-leaved weeds in both seasons at 30 days after treatment whereas, Phalaris minor and Avena fatua were the dominant grass weeds in 2022/2023 and 2023/2024, respectively. All weed control treatments were effective against annual grass, broad-leaved weeds and total weeds and significantly reduced fresh weight of target weeds compared to the untreated control at 30 days after treatment in both seasons. The tested herbicides were more effective than hand weeding treatments, and they achieved the highest increment for wheat grain yield than hand weeding and control. Disciplin® 6% EC, Atlantis® 1.2% OD and Wayetherb® 3.6% WG are considered new promising chemical weed control options in bread wheat in Assiut Governorate.