Survey Paper on LoRa-Enabled Marine Communication Platform for Real-Time Ship-to- Ship Data Transfer

[1] A cost-effective river boat tracking solution employs GPS (UBlox Neo-6M) and LoRa with MQTT, achieving a communication distance of 1 km at SF7 and sensitivity up to -138 dBm for extended coverage. [2] Another LoRa-based safety system designed for fishermen enables boat tracking, alert transmission, and weather data sharing. It is lightweight, long- range, power-efficient, and simple to install. [3] An IoT-enabled LoRa–Zigbee monitoring framework has been developed to track tourist boats in Vietnam, facilitating passenger and route management while monitoring environmental parameters. The system was successfully tested on the Ninh Kieu–Cai Rang route. [4] LR-MPIBS integrates LoRa technology to deliver rapid man-overboard alerts within three seconds, maintaining steady power, reduced ripple, optimized RF design, 5 km range, and a 25-hour operating duration with better location precision. [5] Research on LoRa signal performance in tidal and estuarine regions proposes a model combining two-ray propagation with hydrodynamic and terrain-based factors. Experiments at 868 MHz verified the model’s accuracy in estimating environmental signal fluctuations. [6] The use of LoRaWAN with IoT enhances greenhouse operations through smart monitoring, predictive control, and automated irrigation, leading to a 34% improvement in water efficiency. While it ensures secure communication via blockchain and AES128 encryption, issues related to scalability, energy use, and integration remain. [7] Another study evaluates LoRa’s performance for V2V, V2I, and fixed vehicular links using SF7 and SF12 to measure signal integrity and Doppler effects. Due to its extended range, affordability, and dependability, LoRa is highly suitable for short-range vehicular data transmission. [8] An IoT-based AMI framework using LoRa in Chile’s residential grid measures energy use, throughput, and data delivery, confirming LoRa’s viability for smart metering and billing purposes. [9] A hybrid LoRaWAN system combining mesh and star topologies dynamically adapts to signal quality, resulting in enhanced coverage, lower latency, and improved RSSI and SNR. LoRa’s flexibility enables affordable and stable metering in rural microgrids, effectively overcoming connectivity and cost challenges associated with conventional systems.