Geranium Essential Oil Use for Human Health: A Systematic Review of Clinical Evidence

ABSTRACT Essential oils (EOs) form the foundation of aromatherapy, an integrative health practice with ancient roots and scientific validation. Geranium essential oil (GEO) ( Pelargonium graveolens ) stands out for its versatile pharmacological profile, including anxiolytic, anti‐inflammatory and dermatological benefits, alongside its antibacterial and antioxidant properties. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of GEO in the context of human health. A systematic search was conducted in databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL, CENTRAL) and grey literature between August and September 2024. The review included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi‐experimental studies assessing the isolated use of GEO in humans, with methodological quality evaluated using JBI tools. Data collection and analysis were performed by two independent reviewers. The main results showed that the review included 12 studies, most of which demonstrated significant efficacy in improving outcomes such as premenstrual syndrome symptoms, dermatological and oral conditions, anxiety and pain, supported by its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and neurochemical mechanisms. The intervention showed a favourable safety profile and adaptability to different clinical conditions, supporting its potential as a complementary therapy. In conclusion, the review highlights the therapeutic potential of GEO but underscores the need for more diverse and controlled research due to methodological variability (PROSPERO CRD42024601840).