Skin and gut microbiota composition and immune regulatory response differentiate IgE and non-IgE cow’s milk allergy patients with atopic dermatitis

Precise identification of food allergy and atopic dermatitis (AD) endotypes in infants is needed to target treatments effectively. Therefore, we investigated markers associated with changes in the microbiota and immune responses within the gut-skin axis of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy (CMA) patients with AD. We report that the skin microbiota of patients with IgE CMA differs significantly from healthy controls (HCs) and from patients with non-IgE CMA, despite similar AD severity. Regarding the immune response to bacteria, we found a significant increase in soluble CD14 in patients with non-IgE CMA compared to patients with IgE CMA. Patients with a non-IgE CMA have more regulatory T cells in their blood that migrate into the intestine than patients with IgE CMA. These findings provide insights into the complex interplay between the damaged epithelial barrier, microbiome, and immune responses in CMA patients with AD.

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Publication Details

Journal
iScience
Published
2025-11-05
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.113943
Primary Topic
Gut microbiota and health
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Skin and gut microbiota composition and immune regulatory response differentiate IgE and non-IgE cow’s milk allergy patients with atopic dermatitis

Jana Cadova, Vojtěch Bystrý, Dagmar Šrůtková, Zuzana Reiss et al.
iScience
Gut microbiota and health
article

Skin and gut microbiota composition and immune regulatory response differentiate IgE and non-IgE cow’s milk allergy patients with atopic dermatitis

Jana Cadova, Vojtěch Bystrý, Dagmar Šrůtková, Zuzana Reiss, Anna Šedivá, Andrea Poloučková, Štěpánka Čapková, Jakub Kreisinger, Tomas Thon, Zuzana Jirásková Zákostelská, Štěpán Coufal, Helena Tlaskalová‐Hogenová, Miloslav Kverka, Filip Rob, Eliška Kopelentová, Lucie Bulantova
article en

Abstract

Precise identification of food allergy and atopic dermatitis (AD) endotypes in infants is needed to target treatments effectively. Therefore, we investigated markers associated with changes in the microbiota and immune responses within the gut-skin axis of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy (CMA) patients with AD. We report that the skin microbiota of patients with IgE CMA differs significantly from healthy controls (HCs) and from patients with non-IgE CMA, despite similar AD severity. Regarding the immune response to bacteria, we found a significant increase in soluble CD14 in patients with non-IgE CMA compared to patients with IgE CMA. Patients with a non-IgE CMA have more regulatory T cells in their blood that migrate into the intestine than patients with IgE CMA. These findings provide insights into the complex interplay between the damaged epithelial barrier, microbiome, and immune responses in CMA patients with AD.

iScienceVol. 28(12)
Central European Institute of Technology (CZ), Czech Academy of Sciences (CZ), Charles University (CZ), Central European Institute of Technology – Masaryk University (CZ), University Hospital in Motol (CZ), Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology (CZ), General University Hospital in Prague (CZ)
Openalex Percentile: Top 71%
Gut microbiota and health
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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