Comparative analysis of interconnects for solid oxide electrolysis

Solid oxide electrolysers (SOEL) are the next step in electrolytic hydrogen generation for the transition to a carbon-free economy. Numerous studies are devoted to the design. A comprehensive review of interconnects is needed to optimize stack performance and accelerate commercialization. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief overview of the latest trends in the development of SOEL interconnects, their elements, factors influencing their performance. The analysis focuses on the role of interconnects, examining, their chemical composition structure and their influence on the overall operation of SOEL stacks. The review finds that low-cost, long-lasting of metal interconnects based on ferritic stainless steels with protective coatings consist an attractive option for commercial implementation. In SOEL stacks, interconnects improve interfacial contact in the system, and the structure, shape, and type of the coating highly influences their impact on efficiency. Further prospects in interconnect research and development are considered. In conclusion, a deeper understanding of the operation of SOEL interconnectors will enable more balanced research, which will ultimately accelerate the transition to a carbon-free economy. • Review of structural and chemical analysis in solid oxide electrolysis interconnect. • Protective coatings are critical for full commercialization. • Ferritic steels with coatings are presented as a low-cost option. • Review of trends in solid oxide electrolysis development. • Analysis of factors influencing solid oxide electrolysis performance.