Mechanically and electrically switchable triferroic altermagnet in a pentagonal <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Fe</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub>

Two-dimensional multiferroics promise low-power, multifunctional devices, yet the intrinsic coexistence and mutual control of three coupled ferroic orders in a single layer remains elusive. Here, we identify pentagonal monolayer $\mathrm{Fe}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ as an intrinsic triferroic altermagnet where ferroelectric (FE), ferroelastic (FA), and altermagnetic (AM) orders coexist and are tightly coupled, accompanied by a competing antiferroelectric (AFE) phase using first-principles calculations. The sole presence of glide mirror ${\mathrm{M}}_{x}$ symmetry in a $\mathrm{Fe}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ sublayer, with the breaking of fourfold rotation ${\mathrm{C}}_{4z}$ symmetry, induces in-plane vector ferroelectricity and twin-related ferroelastic strains. Both FE and AFE phases break combined parity-time symmetry and display sizable altermagnetic spin splitting with N\'eel temperatures over 200 K. Electric-field induced rotation of the FE polarization reverses the sign of the spin splitting, while in-plane uniaxial strain triggers ferroelastic switching that simultaneously rotates the FE polarization vector by 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and reverses the AM state. These electric-field- and strain-mediated pathways interlink six distinct polarization states that can be selected purely by electric fields and/or mechanical strain. This work extends intrinsic triferroicity to pentagonal monolayers and outlines a symmetry-based route toward mechanically and electrically configurable altermagnetic spintronics.

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Publication Details

Journal
Physical review. B./Physical review. B
Published
2025-10-15
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1103/ftmr-bh9k
Citations
3
Primary Topic
Multiferroics and related materials
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.28
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article

Mechanically and electrically switchable triferroic altermagnet in a pentagonal <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Fe</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub>

Jiaqi Dai, Cong Wang, Wei Ji, De-Ping Guo et al.
3 citations
Physical review. B./Physical review. B
Multiferroics and related materials
1.28
article

Mechanically and electrically switchable triferroic altermagnet in a pentagonal <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Fe</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub>

Jiaqi Dai, Cong Wang, Wei Ji, De-Ping Guo, Ren-Hong Wang
article en
3 citations

Abstract

Two-dimensional multiferroics promise low-power, multifunctional devices, yet the intrinsic coexistence and mutual control of three coupled ferroic orders in a single layer remains elusive. Here, we identify pentagonal monolayer $\mathrm{Fe}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ as an intrinsic triferroic altermagnet where ferroelectric (FE), ferroelastic (FA), and altermagnetic (AM) orders coexist and are tightly coupled, accompanied by a competing antiferroelectric (AFE) phase using first-principles calculations. The sole presence of glide mirror ${\mathrm{M}}_{x}$ symmetry in a $\mathrm{Fe}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ sublayer, with the breaking of fourfold rotation ${\mathrm{C}}_{4z}$ symmetry, induces in-plane vector ferroelectricity and twin-related ferroelastic strains. Both FE and AFE phases break combined parity-time symmetry and display sizable altermagnetic spin splitting with N\'eel temperatures over 200 K. Electric-field induced rotation of the FE polarization reverses the sign of the spin splitting, while in-plane uniaxial strain triggers ferroelastic switching that simultaneously rotates the FE polarization vector by 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and reverses the AM state. These electric-field- and strain-mediated pathways interlink six distinct polarization states that can be selected purely by electric fields and/or mechanical strain. This work extends intrinsic triferroicity to pentagonal monolayers and outlines a symmetry-based route toward mechanically and electrically configurable altermagnetic spintronics.

Physical review. B./Physical review. BVol. 112(19)
Sichuan Normal University (CN), Renmin University of China (CN)
Openalex Percentile: Top 18%
Multiferroics and related materials
1.28
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