Characterization of self-esteem in adolescents according to age, sex, school grade, and body mass index

Introduction:Self-esteem is one of the main indicators of psychological well-being.High self-esteem can be considered a protective factor for mental health and diseases of another nature, such as those that affect nutritional status.The study of self-esteem in vulnerable groups, such as adolescents, is important to design strategies that help maintain their overall health.Objectives: The objective of the study was to know the degree of self-esteem in adolescents and its association with age, sex, school grade, and body mass index (BMI).Material and methods: A cross-sectional design was used in a sample of adolescents from a secondary school located east of Mexico City.Self-esteem was assessed using the Rosenberg instrument; they were weighed and measured to calculate BMI.Results: Four hundred and sixty adolescents with an average age of 12.6 years were studied, 54.0% were women, and the rest men.The overall frequency of low self-esteem was 18.3% ( 84), being more frequent in women aged 15 years and with a BMI corresponding to obesity.The frequency of high self-esteem was 81.7% (376), being more frequent in men aged 12 years and with a BMI classified as normal.Conclusion: It is necessary to plan strategies aimed at reinforcing and increasing self-esteem during adolescence, particularly through physical activity.