Postsynthetic modification of amine functionalized MIL-101(Cr) loaded with Pd nanoparticles for sustainable Suzuki coupling reactions

MIL-101(Cr) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess advantageous properties, such as high surface area and porosity, which render them effective as catalytic supports. In this study, MIL-101(Cr) powder was functionalized with putrescine (PUT) via post-synthetic modification (PSM). Subsequently, a novel strategy was employed to incorporate palladium nanoparticles into the functionalized MIL-101(Cr) framework. The resulting Pd-loaded, functionalized MIL-101(Cr) catalysts were assessed for their catalytic efficiency in Suzuki-Miyaura carbon-carbon cross-coupling reactions. In particular, these catalysts were used to couple phenylboronic acid with various aryl halides (Ar-X, where X = I, Br, Cl, F). To maximize catalytic performance, key reaction parameters including the amount of catalyst, the amount and type of solvent, and the reaction time were optimized. The catalyst exhibited excellent reusability and stability, maintaining its efficiency over multiple reaction cycles.