Operation Parameters and Combination Influence for Compensation Effect of Droplet Drift in Crosswind

The trajectory and deposition law of droplets are uncontrollable due to the influence of crosswind interference, nozzle tilt angle, and rotor speed during plant protection drone spraying operation. Exploring the influence of crosswind velocity, nozzle tilt angle, rotor speed, and operation height for the spraying droplet trajectory and deposition effect can provide a basis for accurately setting spray operational parameters and effectively compensating droplet drift. This study, based on the construction of the computational domain model, established a two-phase flow model containing the discrete phase of droplet and analyzing basic principles of nozzle atomization; and conducted spray angle measurement and a droplet particle diameter spectrum test. Crosswind velocities of 0, 2, and 4 m/s; nozzle tilt angles of 0°, 15°, and 30°; rotor speeds of 1,200, 1,600, and 2,000 r/min; and operation heights of 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 m were used as parameters combination to simulate and analyze the droplet drift. We employed the response surface method (BBD) to obtain the optimal parameters for droplet drift compensation. The simulation and experimental results show that crosswind velocity, nozzle tilt angle, rotor speed, and operation height are significant factors affecting droplet trajectory and deposition effect. Additionally, the experiment combines numerical simulation with a second-order response surface regression model. Fits the droplet drift compensation result of environments and parameters. Optimal compensation parameter combinations are 2°-1,548 r/min-0.8 m, 6°-1,402 r/min-0.8 m, and 9°-1,264 r/min-0.8 m for each crosswind velocity condition. This study provides the theoretical support for understanding the influencing factors of droplet drift compensation and deposition law of plant protection drone.